Which rodent is commonly known for its ability to adapt to urban environments and is also a carrier of various diseases?

The roof rat is well-known for its remarkable ability to thrive in urban settings, which is a key factor in its selection as the correct answer. Urban environments provide ample food and nesting opportunities, making it an ideal habitat for these rodents. Roof rats are particularly adept at climbing and can often be found in attics, trees, and other elevated areas, gaining access to homes and buildings through roofs and vents.

Moreover, roof rats are significant carriers of various diseases that can impact human health and safety. They can transmit pathogens through their droppings, urine, and saliva, which can lead to diseases such as leptospirosis, hantavirus, and salmonellosis. Their presence in urban areas poses a public health risk, making them a primary target for pest management.

In contrast, while squirrels may also adapt to urban environments, they do not share the same level of disease transmission potential associated with roof rats. Hamsters are domesticated pets, and moles are primarily found underground and are not typically associated with urban pest issues. This distinction highlights why the roof rat is recognized for both its adaptability to city life and its role as a vector for diseases.